Python筆記(3)

紀錄一下Python中如何使用getopt, random的使用

1. getopt: 讓指令後面可以接像bash一樣的參數

import getopt
import sys

    try:
        opts,args = getopt.getopt(sys.argv[1:],"ri:d:")

    except getopt.GetoptError as err:
        print str(err)
        sys.exit(2)

    for value,parameter in opts:
        if value=='-r':
            #do something
        elif value=='-i':
            #do something
            print value, parameter
        elif value =='-d':
            #do something
            print value, parameter

2. getopt注意事項：
   |- getopt.getopt(sys.argv[1:],"ri:d:") -> 又冒號表示後面皆參數ex:python exec.py -o file_name
   |- 沒冒號表示後面不帶參數

3. random的使用範例:

>>> random.random()        # Random float x, 0.0 <= x < 1.0
0.37444887175646646
>>> random.uniform(1, 10)  # Random float x, 1.0 <= x < 10.0
1.1800146073117523
>>> random.randint(1, 10)  # Integer from 1 to 10, endpoints included
7
>>> random.randrange(0, 101, 2)  # Even integer from 0 to 100
26
>>> random.choice('abcdefghij')  # Choose a random element
'c'

>>> items = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7]
>>> random.shuffle(items)
>>> items
[7, 3, 2, 5, 6, 4, 1]

>>> random.sample([1, 2, 3, 4, 5],  3)  # Choose 3 elements
[4, 1, 5]

參考Offical Website